担子菌门总革菌科中国新记录种紫黑点壳菌

Punctularia atropurpurascens (Punctulariaceae, Basidiomycota): a new record to China

摘要:

[背景] 在陕西省的毛泡桐腐木桩上观察和采集到一株绒毛状真菌子实体，编号为HMNWAFU-CF-HS002。[目的] 为了确定该菌的分类地位，对其进行形态观察及分子鉴定。[方法] 获取宏观彩色图像并对显微结构进行测量、统计和绘图。此外，用PDA培养基分离纯化该菌的培养物，并结合最大似然法、最大简约法和贝叶斯法进行rDNA ITS分子系统学研究。[结果] HMNWAFU-CF-HS002的形态特征与Punctularia atropurpurascens高度相似。系统发育分析将HMNWAFU-CF-HS002聚在P.atropurpurascens的单系分支中。[结论] 结合形态学特征与系统发育结果，HMNWAFU-CF-HS002被鉴定紫黑点壳菌（Punctularia atropurpurascens），为中国的新记录种。此外，毛泡桐为其新记录寄主。至此，Punctularia属下的3个种，均在中国有分布记录。

Abstract:

[Background] A fluffy fungal fruitbody (No. HMNWAFU-CF-HS002) was collected from the rotten stumps of Paulownia tomentosa in Shaanxi province, China. [Objective] Morphological description and molecular identification were carried out to determine its taxonomic status. [Methods] Macroscopic features were imaged, while microstructures were measured, counted, and drawn. Living culture was isolated and purified with PDA, and phylogenetic analysis of rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) was performed with maximum likelihood (ML), maximum parsimony (MP), and bayesian inference (BI) methods. [Results] The morphological characteristics of HMNWAFU-CF-HS002 were highly similar to those of Punctularia atropurpurascens. Phylogenetic analysis showed that HMNWAFU-CF-HS002 nested into the P. atropurpurascens clade. [Conclusion] Based on the morphological evidences and phylogenetic results, HMNWAFU-CF-HS002 was identified as P. atropurpurascens, a new record species in China. P. tomentosa is a new record host species for P. atropurpurascens. So far, all the three species of Punctularia have been recorded in China.