乌梅提取物对溶藻弧菌的抑制效应与机理

Inhibitory effect and mechanism of Fructus mume extracts on Vibrio alginolyticus

摘要:

[背景] 溶藻弧菌（Vibrio alginolyticus）能够感染鱼、虾、贝等海洋经济动物，给海水养殖业带来了严重的经济损失，对公众健康及食品安全也构成较大威胁。[目的] 通过研究乌梅（Fructus mume）对溶藻弧菌的抑菌效应及其机理，为乌梅在水产养殖中的进一步开发利用提供理论依据。[方法] 采用试管二倍稀释法测定乌梅提取物（Fructus mume Extract，FME）对溶藻弧菌的最小抑菌浓度（Minimal Inhibitory Concentration，MIC）和最小杀菌浓度（Minimum Bactericidal Concentration，MBC），电导率仪检测溶藻弧菌的相对电导率，分光光度法分析溶藻弧菌的核酸泄露和呼吸链脱氢酶活性及生物膜抑制率，蛋白质电泳检测溶藻弧菌的蛋白质合成情况，扫描电子显微镜观察溶藻弧菌的亚显微结构。[结果] 乌梅提取物对溶藻弧菌的MIC和MBC分别为1.953 mg/mL和3.906 mg/mL；乌梅提取物显著增加了溶藻弧菌的相对电导率和核酸泄露，明显降低了溶藻弧菌蛋白质的合成能力，对于弧菌的亚显微形态产生了较大影响。同时乌梅提取物显著抑制了溶藻弧菌生物膜的形成和呼吸链脱氢酶的活性。[结论] 乌梅提取物通过增加溶藻弧菌细胞膜通透性及显著抑制生物膜的生成、呼吸链脱氢酶活性及蛋白质的合成，实现抑制及杀灭溶藻弧菌的目的。

Abstract:

[Background] Vibrio alginolyticus infects fish, shrimp, shellfish, and other economic marine animals, which has brought great economic losses to the mariculture industry and posed a great threat to public health and food safety. [Objective] The study aims to investigate the inhibitory effect of Fructus mume on V. alginolyticus and the mechanism, which is expected to lay a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of F. mume. [Methods] The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of F. mume extracts (FME) on V. alginolyticus were determined with the tube double dilution method, the relative conductivity of V. alginolyticus by a conductivity meter, and the nucleic acid leakage, respiratory chain dehydrogenase activity, and biofilm inhibition rate of V. alginolyticus by spectrophotometry. The protein synthesis of V. alginolyticus was analyzed by electrophoresis, and the submicroscopic structure of it was observed under a scanning electron microscope. [Results] The MIC and MBC of FME on V. alginolyticus were 1.953 mg/mL and 3.906 mg/mL, respectively. FME significantly increased the relative conductivity and nucleic acid leakage, significantly reduced the protein synthesis, and had great impact on the submicroscopic morphology of V. alginolyticus. Meanwhile, FME significantly inhibited the biofilm formation and the respiratory chain dehydrogenase activity of it. [Conclusion] The FME coould inhibit and even kill V. alginolyticus by increasing the membrane permeability, inhibiting the biofilm formation, respiratory chain dehydrogenase activity, and protein synthesis of V. alginolyticus.