外生菌根真菌与内生细菌共生互作的研究进展

symbiotic interaction between ectomycorrhizal fungi and endobacteria: a review

摘要:

外生菌根真菌能与很多高等植物共生，广泛存在于自然界，在促进植物生长和养分吸收、增强宿主抗逆性及维持森林生态系统稳定等方面发挥着重要作用。除与寄主植物密切联系外，外生菌根真菌，在其生命周期中与细菌群落进行物理和代谢相互作用，常形成共生关系。这些细菌对外生菌根真菌菌丝生长、生物量增加及子实体的形成具有积极影响。本文阐述了外生菌根真菌与内生细菌共生现象的发现、共生关系的建立、内生细菌促进外生菌根真菌生长和发育及宿主与微生物组的研究方法等，以期更好地巩固外生菌根真菌的生物学及生态学等基础性知识，并利用细菌与真菌的相互作用为可食用外生菌根真菌的生物防治、菌肥研究、人工驯化及栽培提供思路。

Abstract:

Ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECMF) often form symbiotic relationships with many higher plants, and widely exist in nature. They play an important role in promoting the growth and nutrient absorption of plant, enhancing the stress resistance of the host and maintaining the stability of the ecosystem in forest. In addition to being closely related to host plants, ECMF often establish the symbiotic relationship with endobacteria, and interact physically and metabolically with bacterial communities during their life cycle. These bacteria had positive effects for ECMF on the growth of mycelia, increase of biomass and the formation of fruiting bodies. The article summarized the discovery of symbiosis, establishment of the symbiotic relationship, the promotion of growth, development of ECMF promoted by endobacteria, and the research methods of ECMF and endobacteria. In order to better consolidate the basic knowledge of biology and ecology of ECMF, and utilize the bacterial-fungal interactions to provide ideas for the biological control of edible ECMF, study of bacterial fertilizer, artificial domestication and cultivation.