金针菇退化菌丝的生理生化特征

Physiological and biochemical characteristics of degenerate mycelium of Flammulina filiformis

摘要:

[背景] 金针菇菌种在继代培养的过程中会出现菌种退化的现象，影响着金针菇的产量与质量。[目的] 为研究金针菇退化菌种菌丝的生理生化特征，筛选金针菇退化菌株。[方法] 以金针菇原始菌株（H）和退化菌株（T）为研究对象，测定不同碳源培养基上菌丝的生理生化特征及超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide Dismutase，SOD）、过氧化物酶（Peroxidase，POD）和过氧化氢酶（Catalase，CAT）的活性，并测定菌丝在栽培瓶中的漆酶（Laccase，Lac）和锰过氧化物酶（Manganese Peroxidase，MnP）的活性，记录菌丝在搔菌后的恢复情况。[结果] T在各个碳源的菌丝生长速度低于H，粉孢子等级在3—4级之间，SOD、CAT活性低于H，在栽培料中的Lac活性和MnP活性在第5天时与H相同，在第10、15、20天低于H。T在搔菌后菌丝恢复时间比H恢复时间长，恢复后的菌丝长势没有H长势浓密。[结论] 通过探究金针菇原始菌株与退化菌株的菌丝生理生化特征，为判断金针菇菌株是否为退化菌株提供理论依据。

关键词:金针菇;菌种退化;菌丝;生物学特性

Abstract:

[Background] In the process of subculture, Flammulina filiformis strains will degenerate, which affects the yield and quality of F. filiformis strains. [Objective] The physiological and biochemical characteristics of the mycelia of the degenerative strains of F. filiformis were studied in order to select the degenerate strains of F. filiformis. [Methods] This experiment by F. filiformis original strain (H) and degenerated strains (T) as the research object, measuring the different carbon source culture medium on physiological and biochemical characteristics of mycelia and superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activity, and determination of mycelia in the cultivation of laccase (Lac) and the activity of the manganese peroxidase (MnP), recorded the mycelia recovery after scratching the fungi.[Results] The mycelia growth rate of T in each carbon source was lower than that of H, the levels of oidiospore were between 3—4, the activities of SOD and CAT activity were lower than that of H, and the activity of MnP and Lac were the same as H at the 5th day, and lower than H at the 10th, 15th and 20th days. The recovery time of T was longer than H, and the growth thvigor of the restored mycelia was less dense than H. [Conclusion] By exploring the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the mycelium of the original strain and the degenerated strain of F. filiformis, it provides a theoretical basis for judging whether the strain of F. filiformis is the degenerated strain.

Key words:Flammulina filiformis;strain degeneration;mycelium;biological characteristics