细菌与噬菌体相互抵抗机制研究进展

Research progress on the mutual resistance mechanisms between bacteria and bacteriophages

摘要:

噬菌体作为一种侵染细菌的病毒，能够特异性识别宿主细菌。近年来，抗生素的过度使用导致耐药细菌的出现，噬菌体有望成为对抗耐药细菌的新武器。在细菌与噬菌体长期共进化过程中，二者都演化出一系列抵御策略。本文从抑制噬菌体吸附、阻止噬菌体DNA进入、切割噬菌体基因组、流产感染以及群体感应对噬菌体的调控等方面，对细菌抵抗噬菌体的机制以及噬菌体应对细菌的策略进行了综述，同时还列举了细菌和噬菌体相互抵抗机制的检测方法，以期为噬菌体在细菌控制中的应用以及探究细菌抵抗噬菌体的机制提供理论依据。

Abstract:

As a virus that infects bacteria, bacteriophage can specifically recognize its host bacterium. Extended overuse of antibiotics has resulted in a rapid rise of antibacterial resistance in bacterial population. Bacteriophages have emerged as a viable alternative to combat bacterial infections. In the long-term coevolution of bacteria and bacteriophage, both have evolved a series of defense strategies. The mechanisms of bacteria against bacteriophages include inhibiting bacteriophage adsorption, preventing bacteriophage DNA from entering, digesting the bacterio phage genome, abortion infection, and quorum sensing regulation of bacteriophages. The counteracted strategies adopted by bacteriophage are also reviewed. In addition, the related detection methods are exemplified. The study of the mechanisms provides a theoretical basis for the application of bacteriophages in bacterial control.