基于Illumina MiSeq测序技术的塔克拉玛干沙漠东缘细菌多样性分析

Diversity of soil bacterial communities in the eastern margin of the Taklimakan Desert based on Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology

摘要:

[背景] 塔克拉玛干沙漠凭借其独特的地理位置、恶劣的生存环境以及较少的人为干扰，造就了其独特的微生物资源。[目的] 探究塔克拉玛干沙漠东缘沙土细菌群落结构多样性及其影响因素。[方法] 采集塔克拉玛干沙漠东缘沙土样品并测定其理化性质，使用基于原核微生物16S rRNA基因的Illumina MiSeq测序技术，对塔克拉玛干沙漠东缘沙土进行细菌群落结构多样性及其影响因素的分析。[结果] 从塔克拉玛干沙漠东缘沙土中获得明确分类地位的细菌种类为21门42纲304属，其中优势菌门为拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes，31.26%）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria，29.47%）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria，15.71%）和厚壁菌门（Firmicutes，15.69%）；在属水平上相对丰度最高的菌属为Salinimicrobium（10.06%），其次为盐单胞菌属（Halomonas，7.39%）、芽胞杆菌属（Bacillus，3.25%）、蓬托斯菌属（Pontibacter，3.14%）、Aliifodinibius（2.76%）和考克氏菌属（Kocuria，1.76%）。全磷（total phosphorus，TP）、SO₄^2-和HCO₃^-含量对塔克拉玛干沙漠东缘微生物群落结构影响显著。[结论] 揭示了塔克拉玛干沙漠东缘微生物群落结构及物种多样性，为后续塔克拉玛干沙漠微生物资源的研究提供理论依据。

Abstract:

[Background] The Taklimakan Desert is a special geographical location with less human interference and extreme living environment, and it has uniquely bacteria resources. [Objective] To assess the community structure, diversity and factors influencing of bacteria in the eastern margin of the Taklimakan Desert. [Methods] Analysis the physicochemical properties of sand samples collected from the eastern margin of the Taklimakan Desert, and high-throughput sequencing of environmental 16S rRNA genes based on Illumina MiSeq was used to analyze the diversity and factors influencing of bacteria from the eastern margin of the Taklimakan Desert. [Results] The bacteria of eastern margin of the Taklimakan Desert belonged to definite taxonomic bacteria of 21 phylum 42 classes 304 genera, the dominant bacterial phyla were Bacteroidetes (31.26%), Proteobacteria (29.47%), Actinobacteria (15.71%) and Firmicutes (15.69%). At genus level of taxonomic, the dominant genus was Salinimicrobium (10.06%), followed by Halomonas (7.39%), Bacillus (3.25%), Pontibacter (3.14%), Aliifodinibius (2.76%) and Kocuria (1.76%). TP, SO₄^2- and HCO₃^- were significant effects on the microbial community structure of the eastern margin of the Taklimakan Desert. [Conclusion] This study revealed the community structure and the species diversity of bacteria in the eastern margin of the Taklimakan Desert. This study provides significant theoretical references for the investigation of microbial resource in the Taklimakan Desert.