孕晚期肠道菌群与孕妇血糖血脂的临床相关性

Correlations analysis of gut microbiota with blood glucose and lipids in the third trimester pregnancy

摘要:

【背景】孕期体重增长不当与孕妇血糖血脂水平紊乱密切相关，而血糖血脂水平与母胎代谢性疾病的发生密切相关。肠道菌群协调肠道细胞吸收营养物质，可能与母婴糖脂代谢疾病的发生具有密切关系。【目的】观察孕期增重不同的孕妇肠道菌群生物多样性、丰富度与功能间差异，探讨孕晚期肠道菌群与孕妇血糖血脂的相关性。【方法】收集34例孕晚期孕妇粪便样本，利用MiSeq高通量测序技术对样本中16S rRNA基因的V3?V4区序列进行测序，分析孕期增重对孕妇肠道菌群多样性与丰度差异的影响，利用京都基因及基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes，KEGG)通路分析研究不同孕期增重水平肠道菌群代谢通路变化，通过相关分析预测对孕期增重、孕妇孕晚期体质指数(Body Mass Index，BMI)、血糖血脂有影响的肠道微生物。【结果】孕妇肠道菌群多样性和群落结构变化不大，但差异菌属丰度占比有变化；相关分析发现Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 sp.与孕晚期BMI和孕期增重呈负相关，Lachnospira spp.与孕妇孕晚期血糖呈负相关，Alistipes spp.和Ruminococcus_torques_group spp.与孕晚期甘油三酯呈负相关，Parabacteroides spp.与孕晚期HDL和新生儿体重呈正相关，而Mucispirillum spp.与HDL呈负相关；KEGG分析显示，孕期增重正常孕妇肠道菌群在碳水化合物、脂质和氨基酸代谢等31条代谢通路上较孕期增重不足和增重过度明显升高。【结论】肠道微生物可能通过调节营养物质代谢和吸收影响血糖血脂水平，进而影响孕期增重。

Abstract:

[Background] Inappropriate gestational weight gain is associated with disorder of pregnant women’s blood glucose and lipids which are closely related to maternal-fetal metabolic diseases. Gut microbiota coordinates the absorption of nutrients by intestinal cells, which may affect maternal-fetal glucose and lipids level. [Objective] To observe the constitution and diversity of gut microbiota from pregnant women with different gestational weight gain, and explore microbiota which may be related to blood glucose and lipids in the third trimester pregnancy. [Methods] A total of 34 excrement samples were selected from pregnant women with different gestational weight gain. 16S rRNA gene sequencing in the V3?V4 region of gut microbiota was acted by high throughput MiSeq method to analysis the constitution and diversity of gut microbiota. KEGG analysis was used to study the metabolic pathway change of different gestational weight gain. By correlations analysis, we can predict gut microbiota associated with gestational weight gain, maternal body mass index and blood glucose and lipids in the third trimester pregnancy. [Results] There was no significant difference in the diversity and constitution of gut microbiota, but the percentage of differential gut microbiota has changed. Correlation analysis found that Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 sp. was negatively correlated with maternal body mass index (BMI) in the third trimester and gestational weight gain, Lachnospira spp. negatively correlated with blood glucose in the third trimester, Alitipes spp. and Ruminococcus_torques_group spp. were negatively correlated with maternal triglycerides in the third trimester, Parabacteroides spp. positively correlated with high density lipoprotein in the third trimester while negatively correlated with birthweight. Besides, Mucispirillum spp. was negatively correlated with high density lipoprotein in the third trimester. KEGG analysis found that gut microbiota with average gestational weight gain was significantly higher in 31 metabolic pathways including carbohydrate, lipid and amino acid metabolism than lower and higher gestational weight gain. [Conclusion] Gut microbiota may affect blood glucose and lipids level by affecting the metabolism and transport of nutrients, thereby affecting weight gain during pregnancy.