利用光合细菌生产聚-β-羟基丁酸酯的研究进展

Research progress of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate production by photosynthetic bacteria

摘要:

石油基塑料进入环境后会造成污染并影响人体健康。因此，寻找石油基塑料的替代品成为未来发展的趋势。生物塑料因其具有良好的生物降解性与安全性，近年来备受关注，尤其是作为生物塑料之一的聚-β-羟基丁酸酯(Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate，PHB)，已成为生产生物塑料制品的重要来源。光合细菌(Photosynthetic Bacteria，PSB)是生产PHB的重要原料。PSB可利用废水中廉价的碳源为底物累积PHB，能实现废水资源化，其应用前景广阔。本文系统地总结了目前可生产PHB的PSB菌种、PHB在菌体内的合成途径、影响PSB累积PHB的因素和目前利用废水培养紫色非硫菌(Purple Non-Sulfur Bacteria，PNSB)并累积PHB的研究现状，并对以废水生产PHB的PNSB污水资源化这一技术的工程化应用提出了展望，以期为解决石油基塑料污染与废水资源化提供新的思路与参考。

关键词:光合细菌，紫色非硫菌，聚-β-羟基丁酸酯，聚羟基脂肪酸酯

Abstract:

Petroleum-based plastics will cause pollution and affect human health after entering the environment. Therefore, looking for alternatives to petroleum-based plastics has become the trend of future development. Bioplastics have attracted much attention in recent years because of their good biodegradability and safety; in particular, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), one of the bioplastics, has become an important source for the production of bioplastics. Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) is an important raw material for PHB production. PSB can use the cheap carbon source in wastewater as a substrate to accumulate PHB, which can realize the recycling of wastewater, and its application prospects are broad. This paper systematically summarizes the PSB strains that can produce PHB, the synthesis pathway of PHB in the bacteria, the factors affecting the accumulation of PHB by PSB, and the research status of purple non-sulfur bacteria (pnsb) accumulating PHB by wastewater. The prospect of the engineering application of pnsb wastewater recycling technology for PHB production from wastewater is put forward, aiming to provide new ideas and reference for solving the pollution of petroleum based plastics and wastewater recycling.

Key words:photosynthetic bacteria, purple non-sulfur bacteria, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)