代谢工程改造解脂耶氏酵母合成植物萜类化合物的研究进展

Advances in metabolic engineering of Yarrowia lipolytica to synthesize plant-derived terpenoids

摘要:

萜类化合物是一类广泛存在于植物中的天然产物，其在食品、药品和化工等多个领域中均有广泛的用途，市场潜力巨大。因此，开发生产萜类化合物等植物天然产物可再生的微生物资源来补充甚至代替原有稀少和珍贵的植物资源，具有重要的理论意义和潜在的应用价值。解脂耶氏酵母是目前使用最广泛的非常规酵母底盘细胞之一。近年来，利用代谢工程及合成生物学技术在解脂耶氏酵母底盘细胞中重构与优化萜类化合物的合成途径以实现目标代谢产物的高效合成，已经成为一项研究热点。本文系统总结了有关利用解脂耶氏酵母作为底盘细胞异源生产植物萜类化合物的具体实例和最新进展，包括所涉及的宿主菌株、关键酶、代谢途径及改造策略等，并在最后对该领域的未来发展方向进行了展望。

关键词:代谢工程，解脂耶氏酵母，植物天然产物，萜类

Abstract:

Terpenoids are an important class of plant natural products that exhibit a broad range of biological activities. They have a wide range of applications in the food, pharmaceutical and chemical industries, which lead to a huge increase in market demand for them. It is therefore of great importance to develop alternative sources of these value-added products to supplement or even replace the scarce and precious plant resources. At present, the well-known unconventional yeast Yarrowia lipolytica is fast becoming a promising chassis for the production of biofuels and biochemicals. In recent years, metabolic engineering of Y. lipolytica has provided a platform for effective production of valuable terpenoids. This review reports and summarizes some of the most interesting and promising recent progress of heterologous microbial production of plant terpenoids in the engineered Y. lipolytica strains, by elucidating the host strains, key enzymes, metabolic pathways, engineering strategies and product titers/yields. In addition, key challenges and future perspectives in this field are discussed.

Key words:metabolic engineering, Yarrowia lipolytica, plant natural products, terpenoids