细菌体内乙酰化修饰研究进展

Protein acetylation in bacteria

摘要:

翻译后修饰是指前体蛋白经过一系列加工修饰形成具有多种功能的蛋白质，其可以发生在不同的氨基酸侧链或肽键上，通常是由酶活性介导的。5%的蛋白质组组成的酶介导了超过200多种的翻译后修饰类型，其中乙酰化修饰是一种重要的翻译后修饰途径。乙酰化修饰在真核细胞中被广泛研究，其几乎参与细胞的所有生理活动并且高度保守。最近的很多研究表明，乙酰化修饰在细菌体内也广泛存在，对其生理功能的研究也取得了一定进展。本文对细菌体内的乙酰化修饰途径、功能及检测技术进行了总结。除此之外，我们分析了乙酰化修饰目前存在的问题并对其潜在的应用价值进行展望。

Abstract:

Post translational modification (PTM) refers to the precursors or proteins undergoing a series of processing modifications to form the protein with multiple functions. PTMs occur at distinct amino acid side chains or peptide linkages, and most are mediated by enzyme activity. Enzymes composed of 5% proteome mediate more than 200 types of post-translational modifications types, among which acetylation is an important PTM pathway. Acetylation modification is widely studied in eukaryotic organisms, it participates in almost all physiological activities of cells and is highly conserved. Many recent studies have shown that acetylation modification is also widespread in bacteria, and the researches related to physiological functions have also made significant progress. This article summarizes the mechanisms, functions of acetylation and detection technology of acetylation modification in bacteria. Besides, we analyze the existing problems and prospects the potential application value of acetylation modification.