酰基高丝氨酸内酯(AHLs)介导群感效应在好氧颗粒污泥中的研究进展

Research progress of acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) based quorum sensing in aerobic granular sludge

摘要:

虽然好氧颗粒污泥(Aerobic Granular Sludge，AGS)具有沉降性能好、高效脱氮除磷以及抗冲击负荷等优点，但是该技术仍然存在颗粒化进程缓慢及容易解体等技术瓶颈。因此，如何克服上述瓶颈是实现好氧颗粒污泥技术在实际污水处理推广的关键。近年来，酰基高丝氨酸内酯(Acyl Homoserine Lactone，AHL)介导的微生物群感效应(Quorum Sensing，QS)成为微生物领域的研究热点，而有研究报道采用AHLs介导的微生物群感效应对活性污泥快速颗粒化以及颗粒稳定有积极作用，具体作用途径包括投加AHLs促进活性污泥胞外聚合物(Extracellular Polymeric Substances，EPS)的分泌并影响微生物群落结构。本文首先回顾关于AHLs对污水处理过程中微生物的作用机理，讨论了不同环境因素(包括底物类型、电子受体、污泥浓度、pH值、温度)对微生物产出AHLs数量的影响，总结AHLs外源添加或引入产AHLs功能菌株的方法，进而通过AHLs调控污泥的快速颗粒化和长期稳定。最后，本文提出了AHLs介导的群感效应在好氧颗粒污泥技术上的未来研究方向。

Abstract:

Although the aerobic granular sludge (AGS) has the advantages of good settling property, high efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and better resistance to shock loads, which still faces great challenges in practical sewage treatment application due to the bottleneck of slow granulation process and easy particle disintegration. In recent years, acyl homoserine lactone (AHL)-based microbial quorum sensing (QS) has become a hotspot in this field, and it may be of great significance to the rapid formation of activated sludge and particle stabilization, including the use of AHLs can increase the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and to optimize the change of microbial community structure. This paper reviews the mechanism of AHLs on microorganisms, further discusses the effects of different environmental factors (including substrates, electron acceptors, sludge concentration, pH, and temperature) on AHLs, and outlines the method of adding exogenous AHLs or AHLs-secreting strains which can ultimately achieve the rapid formation and long-term stability of aerobic granular sludge. Finally, the review discusses the prospect of future research for the application of AHLs-based quorum sensing in aerobic granular sludge technology.