表面活性剂影响微生物降解多环芳烃的研究进展

Effect of surfactants on microbial degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: a review

摘要:

多环芳烃(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons，PAHs)的强疏水性是阻止其在土壤和水环境中微生物降解的主要因素。表面活性剂由于能够提高PAHs的表观溶解度而在PAHs的微生物降解中得到了广泛研究。截至目前，有关化学或生物表面活性剂促进PAHs的微生物降解已有大量报道，然而也有学者发现了表面活性剂对PAHs微生物降解的抑制作用。本文从表面活性剂类型与毒性、PAHs增溶、传质强化、细胞表面性质和环境因素等方面综述了表面活性剂影响PAHs微生物降解的最新进展，并对这2种冲突性的研究成果进行了阐释。此外，介绍了浊点系统促进PAHs微生物降解的新方法。最后，对表面活性剂影响微生物降解PAHs的研究前景进行了展望。

Abstract:

The strong hydrophobicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is the main factor to prevent their microbial degradation in soil and water environment. Surfactants have been extensively studied in microbial degradation of PAHs because the apparent solubility of PAHs can be improved. Up to now, there have been many reports on the PAHs biodegradation promoted by chemical surfactants or biosurfactants. However, some scholars have discovered the inhibitory effect of surfactants on microbial degradation of PAHs. This article reviewed the latest progress of surfactants on PAHs biodegradation from the aspects of surfactant types and toxicity, PAHs solubilization, mass transfer enhancement, cell surface properties and environmental factors. Moreover, these two conflicting research results have been explained. In addition, a new method to promote microbial degradation of PAHs in cloud point system was introduced. Finally, the research prospect of surfactants on microbial degradation of PAHs is prospected.