细菌VI型分泌系统调节因素的研究进展

Research progress in the regulatory factors of the bacteria type VI secretion system

摘要:

细菌的VI型分泌系统(type VI secretion system，T6SS)是一种新发现的分泌系统，在病原菌对宿主黏附、侵入及杀伤等方面均发挥了重要作用。目前的研究主要集中在T6SS在细菌致病、细菌间竞争等作用方面。然而对于其调控因素的研究尚处于初级阶段。对于大多数细菌而言，T6SS的表达并不是恒定的。现已发现温度、渗透压、抗生素、离子等环境因素均可调节T6SS。此外，在分子层面，H-NS蛋白、RpoN转录因子、c-di-GMP等也可发挥对T6SS的调节作用。在这些调控因素的调节下，细菌可以适时地开启或关闭其T6SS的表达，从而更好地感知并适应环境。对T6SS调控因素的研究对于充分认识细菌致病性并进行有效控制至关重要。本文将对调节T6SS的环境因素与调节因子做一综述。

Abstract:

The type VI secretion system (T6SS) of bacteria is a newly discovered secretion system. It plays an important role in the adhesion and invasion of bacteria pathogens to their host and destruction of their host. Currently, most studies focused on the functions of T6SS in bacteria pathogenesis, bacterial competition, et al, but the research on its regulatory factors is still in the preliminary stage. For most bacteria, the expression of T6SS is not steady, which could be regulated by environmental factors such as temperature, osmotic pressure, antibiotics and ions. At the molecular level, H-NS protein, RpoN transcription factor and c-di-GMP may also help regulate T6SS. Under the regulation of these multiple factors, the expression of T6SS can be on and off so as to better adapt to the environment. Hence, it is very important to understand comprehensively the regulatory factors of T6SS to fully understand the pathogenicity of bacteria. This review summarizes the environmental factors and regulatory factors that regulate T6SS.