食用菌菌糠综合利用研究进展

Research progress in comprehensive utilization of spent mushroom substrates

摘要:

中国是食用菌生产第一大国，每年产生约1亿多t菌糠，菌糠中含有大量的粗纤维和多糖等物质，但大部分菌糠都被当作废弃物直接丢弃或焚烧，造成严重的环境污染和资源浪费，同时也不符合我国新时期的环保政策，如何变废为宝，科学、环保、经济、合理地利用菌糠成为食用菌产业健康发展的重要环节。本文通过对食用菌菌糠综合利用的方式和现状进行阐述，探讨菌糠利用存在的主要问题，对未来菌糠利用的方向和发展趋势进行展望，为食用菌菌糠的高效利用提供参考和理论依据。

Abstract:

China has been the largest producer of edible fungi in the world, and produced more than 100 million tons spent mushroom substrates (SMS) every year. These SMS contains a large number of substances such as crude fiber and polysaccharide, but most of them are directly discarded and burned, which causes serious natural environmental pollution and waste of resources, and also does not comply with the policy of Chinese environmental protection in new period. So how to transform waste into treasure, utilizing the SMS scientifically, environmentally, economically and reasonably has become an important link in the healthy development of edible fungi industry. In this study, the main problems in the utilization of SMS are discussed by expounding the way and actuality of comprehensive utilization of SMS. At last, the future direction and development trend of utilization of SMS are prospected, which provides reference and theoretical basis for efficient utilization of SMS.