好氧反硝化生物脱氮技术的研究进展

Research progress in nitrogen removal by aerobic denitrification

摘要:

好氧反硝化生物脱氮技术自提出以来，凭借能实现同步硝化反硝化、节省基建投资及运行费用等诸多优点，受到国内外环境领域学者的广泛关注。本文首先总结了近年来好氧反硝化菌种的筛选分离情况，以及环境因子对好氧反硝化菌脱氮效能的影响，包括溶解氧(dissolved oxygen，DO)、碳氮比(C/N)、温度等。然后深入探讨了好氧反硝化生物脱氮技术的原理，好氧反硝化过程中的关键功能基因及酶，同时介绍了分子生物技术在好氧反硝化研究过程中的应用，以及好氧反硝化生物脱氮技术在实际应用方面的研究现状。最后，基于目前的研究瓶颈问题，对未来好氧反硝化生物脱氮技术的研究方向提出了科学展望。

Abstract:

Aerobic denitrification technology has been widely studied since it was proposed by virtue of many advantages, such as capable of achieving simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, saving investment and operation cost. Here, we summarize the screening and isolation of aerobic denitrifying bacteria in recent years, and the influence of environmental factors on denitrifying efficiency of aerobic denitrifying bacteria, including dissolved oxygen (DO), C/N and temperature. Then, we discuss the theory of aerobic denitrification biological nitrogen removal technology and the key functional genes and enzymes of aerobic denitrification. Meanwhile, the application of molecular biotechnology in the study of aerobic denitrification and the research status on the practical application of aerobic denitrification are reviewed.