南极三洋藓(Sanionia uncinata)细菌群落组成分析

Bacterial community composition of the Antarctic moss Sanionia uncinata

摘要:

【背景】南极苔藓中蕴藏着丰富的极地微生物资源，然而目前对南极苔藓细菌群落组成的研究较少，限制了对这类极端生境微生物资源的开发和应用。【目的】在南极长城站不同地点随机取样，揭示南极三洋藓(Sanionia uncinata)的细菌群落结构组成。【方法】采用Illumina Hiseq高通量测序技术对3个苔藓样品的16S rRNA基因V4区进行测序及生物信息学分析。【结果】3个苔藓样品中共获得细菌总优化序列273 367条。基于97%序列相似度，细菌优化序列聚类为9 579个OTU。分类地位明确的细菌可归为14门27纲50属。优势类群是变形菌门(Proteobacteria) (30.70%)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes) (19.67%)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia) (12.43%)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria) (10.55%)及放线菌门(Actinobacteria) (9.36%)。在属水平上，56.73%属于未知细菌。【结论】南极三洋藓(Sanionia uncinata)中具有丰富多样的细菌，该研究为今后极地微生物研究奠定了基础。

Abstract:

[Background] Antarctic bryophytes harbor highly diverse polar microbes. However, the composition of Antarctic bryophyte bacterial communities is not well understood, which limits the development and application of microbial resources in extreme habitats. [Objective] This study reveals the bacterial community of the Antarctic moss Saniania uncinata sampled randomly around the Antarctic Great Wall Station. [Methods] We used Illumina Hiseq high-throughput sequencing technology to analyse the 16S rRNA gene V4 region of the bacteria. [Results] A total of 273 367 bacterial sequences were obtained from the three moss samples. Totally, 9 759 OTUs (operational taxonomic unit) belonging to 14 phyla, 27 classes, and 50 genera, were grouped based on 97% sequence similarity. The dominant groups were Proteobacteria (30.70%), Bacteroidetes (19.67%), Verrucomicrobia (12.43%), Cyanobacteria (10.55%), and Actinobacteria (9.36%). Particularly, 56.73% of the bacteria in this moss were unclassified at the genus level. [Conclusion] The Antarctic moss Saniania uncinata hosts phylogenetically diverse bacteria. This study provides a basis for the in-depth study of polar microbes.