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马铃薯疮痂病拮抗菌YN-2-2的分离与鉴定
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国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0200708);山东省重大科技创新项目(2018CXCC0303);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2018BBF02021);国家自然科学基金(31601622)


Isolation and characterization of the antagonistic bacterium YN-2-2 against potato common scab
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    摘要:

    【背景】近年来,疮痂病在全国马铃薯各主要产区普遍发生,危害呈逐年加重趋势,有效防控手段匮乏,给种植者造成严重的经济损失。利用拮抗微生物抑制病原菌繁殖,降低其危害程度,已成为马铃薯植保领域的研究热点。【目的】筛选对疮痂病原菌具有拮抗作用的菌株,为研制高效复合功能菌剂、有效防控马铃薯疮痂病提供菌种资源。【方法】从疮痂病发生严重的云南昭通马铃薯大田采集近根际土壤,分离、筛选代谢产物具有明显拮抗效果的菌株,通过形态学观察、生理生化特征分析和16S rRNA基因序列测定等方法进行菌种鉴定,并对其代谢产物的稳定性和抑菌效果进行分析。【结果】获得一株拮抗效果明显的细菌YN-2-2,其菌落圆形,淡黄色,边缘整齐、光滑、干燥,中间有凹陷,菌体杆状,大小为(2.51?4.09) μm×(1.09?1.68) μm,革兰氏染色阳性,16S rRNA基因序列与Bacillus thuringiensis ATCC 10792T (ACNF01000156)的相似性达到99.79%。YN-2-2的代谢产物热稳定性较好,pH耐受范围广(3.0?13.0),对蛋白酶K敏感度较低,对疮痂链霉菌的抑菌圈直径最大为22.8 mm。盆栽试验结果表明:浇施100 mL浓度为1×107 CFU/mL的培养液,可显著降低马铃薯微型薯疮痂病病情指数,防效达36.11%。【结论】菌株YN-2-2经鉴定为苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis),可以作为高效复合功能菌剂的候选菌株。

    Abstract:

    [Background] The potato common scab is a highly destructive disease caused by Streptomyces scabies, which leads to severe economic loss in the main producing areas of China. Due to the increasing disease risk and lack of efficient control means, identification of antagonistic microorganisms is becoming a hotspot in the relevant research field. [Objective] This study is aimed to screen antagonistic bacterial strains against Streptomyces scabies, ultimately providing candidates for developing applicable microbial agents. [Methods] The near-rhizosphere soil was collected from potato fields in Zhaotong, Yunnan, where severe scab disease raged, and strains with antagonistic effects were isolated. Morphological observation, physiological and biochemical analyses, and 16S rRNA gene sequence determination were performed to characterize the strains isolated. The stability and bacteriostatic function of their metabolites were further examined. [Results] A strain with high antagonistic capacity was obtained and named YN-2-2. The bacterial cells were rod-shaped and gram-positive with a size range of (2.51?4.09) μm×(1.09?1.68) μm. Its 16S rRNA gene sequence had 99.79% identity to Bacillus thuringiensis ATCC 10792T (ACNF01000156). The secondary metabolites of YN-2-2 showed good thermal stability, a wide pH tolerance between pH 3.0 and pH 13.0, and low sensitivity to proteinase K. The diameter of the largest inhibition zone against Streptomyces scabies was 22.8 mm. Pot experiments indicated that the disease index of common scab decreased significantly when potato plants were inoculated with 100 mL YN-2-2 culture with a final concentration of 1×107 CFU/mL, and the control effect was 36.11%. [Conclusion] Strain YN-2-2 was identified as Bacillus thuringiensis, it can be included into compound microbial agent against potato common scab.

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石莹莹,赵盼,宋双伟,熊悯梓,莫乘宝,仲乃琴. 马铃薯疮痂病拮抗菌YN-2-2的分离与鉴定[J]. 微生物学通报, 2020, 47(8): 2425-2435

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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-08-05
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