细胞色素P450酶的结构、功能与应用研究进展

Structure, function, and application of cytochrome P450 enzymes

摘要:

细胞色素P450 (cytochrome P450，CYP)酶是广泛存在于微生物、动植物及人体中与膜结合的血红蛋白类酶，具有氧化、环氧化、羟化、去甲基化等多种生物催化活性。CYP酶在药物、类固醇、脂溶性维生素和许多其他类型化学物质的代谢中具有重要作用，其在异源物质的解毒、药物相互作用和内分泌功能等领域的研究是热点问题。本综述对CYP的结构、功能、临床应用与开发前景进行了概述，并对其最新的研究现状和发展前景进行探讨。

关键词:细胞色素P450，还原酶，结构，功能，遗传多态性

Abstract:

Cytochrome P450 (CYP), membrane-bound hemoglobin enzymes, are widely present in microorganisms, animals, plants, and human. CYPs have a variety of biocatalytic activities such as oxidation, epoxidation hydroxylation, demethylation et al. Therefore, they play a key role in detoxification of biotin, cell metabolism and maintaining homeostasis. More importantly, the catalytic activity of CYPs is a hot issue in the fields of drug interaction and endocrine function. Furthermore, they are also widely utilized in the metabolism of drugs, carcinogens, steroids, fat-soluble vitamins and many other types of chemicals. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the structure, function, clinical application, and development prospects of CYPs. Besides, we aim to discuss the latest research and development prospects of CYPs.

Key words:Cytochrome P450, Reductase, Structure, Function, Genetic polymorphism