甾体微生物转化反应关键酶3-甾酮-Δ1-脱氢酶的研究进展

Research progress of 3-ketosteroid-Δ1-dehydrogenase, a key enzyme for steroid microbial conversion

摘要:

3-甾酮-Δ1-脱氢酶是甾体化合物微生物代谢的关键酶，负责催化3-酮基类甾体化合物A环上的C1,2位脱氢反应。其不仅在甾体母核的早期降解途径中发挥重要作用，而且能通过A环C1,2位上双键的导入显著提高甾体化合物的生理活性。本文详细阐述了3-甾酮-Δ1-脱氢酶在微生物中的种属分布和序列特征、酶的生物学特性、生理作用、催化机理以及分子改造等，为深入研究该酶在甾体生物转化领域中的应用提供重要参考。

关键词:3-甾酮-Δ1-脱氢酶，甾体C1,2脱氢反应，生物学特性，生理作用，催化机理

Abstract:

3-ketosteroid-Δ1-dehydrogenase is one of the key enzymes in microbial steroid catabolism, which catalyzes Δ1-dehydrogenation of A ring of 3-ketosteroid substrates. The enzyme not only plays a critical role in the early step of the degradation of the steroid nucleus, but also introduces the double bond at the C1,2 position of the A ring to significantly improve the physiological activity of the steroidal compound. In this paper, the species distribution in microorganisms and sequence characteristics, biological properties, physiological role, catalytic mechanism and molecular modification of 3-ketosteroid-Δ1-dehydrogenase are reviewed. It provides reference for further study of the 3-ketosteroid- Δ1-dehydrogenase application in the steroid biotransformation field.

Key words:3-ketosteroid-Δ1-dehydrogenase, Δ1-dehydrogenation of steroid, Biological characteristics, Physiological role, Catalytic mechanism