内消旋-二氨基庚二酸脱氢酶不对称合成非天然手性D-氨基酸的研究进展

Meso-diaminopimelate dehydrogenase for asymmetric synthesis of unnatural chiral D-amino acids: a review

摘要:

内消旋-二氨基庚二酸脱氢酶不对称合成非天然的手性D-氨基酸是目前生物催化领域的研究热点。内消旋-二氨基庚二酸脱氢酶具有优良的立体选择性，利用其进行酶催化不对称合成光学纯的手性D-氨基酸，被广泛用于医药、食品、化妆品、精细化学品等领域。为了促进生物催化法在合成手性D-氨基酸方向的进一步发展，本文对内消旋-二氨基庚二酸脱氢酶催化合成D-氨基酸的现状进行了综述。重点介绍了Corynebacterium glutamicum、Ureibacillus thermosphaericus、Symbiobacterium thermophilum来源的内消旋-二氨基庚二酸脱氢酶在新酶的挖掘、催化性能、晶体结构解析、分子改造、功能与催化机制、合成D-氨基酸新途径等方面的研究进展，并对内消旋-二氨基庚二酸脱氢酶的未来研究方向及策略进行了展望。本综述将进一步加深人们对内消旋-二氨基庚二酸脱氢酶的认识，也为具有挑战性的生物合成任务提供信息借鉴。

关键词:内消旋-二氨基庚二酸脱氢酶，生物催化，D-氨基酸

Abstract:

Asymmetric synthesis of unnatural chiral D-amino acids is a research hotspot, using meso-diaminopimelate dehydrogenase, in the field of biocatalysis. Meso-diaminopimelate dehydrogenase has excellent stereoselectivity, and it was used for enzymatic asymmetric synthesis of optically pure chiral D-amino acids, which is widely applied in medicine, food, cosmetics, fine chemicals field. To efficiently synthesize chiral D-amino acids, the methods of biocatalysis should be further developed. In this review, the research status was introduced about the synthesis of D-amino acids catalyzed by meso-diaminopimelate dehydrogenase from Corynebacterium glutamicum, Symbiobacterium thermophilum, Ureibacillus thermosphaericus. It focuses on research progress of meso-diaminopimelate dehydrogenase in mining of new enzyme, catalytic performance, crystal structure, molecular modification, function and catalytic mechanism, new way of synthesizing D-amino acid, etc. Finally, this paper prospected the future research directions and strategies for meso-diaminopimelate dehydrogenase. Therefore, this review has deepened our understanding of meso-diaminopimelate dehydrogenase, and it also provides guidance and information for challenging biosynthetic tasks.

Key words:Meso-diaminopimelate dehydrogenase, Biocatalysis, D-amino acid