酶作为治疗性药物的研究进展

Advances in the application of enzymes as therapeutic drugs

摘要:

酶制剂作为药物已成为生物制药领域的一个热点。世界各国药典中含有越来越多的酶制剂，其中大部分已成为治疗各种重大疾病的有效药物。酶对底物具有很高的亲和力和特异性，而且能催化多种目标分子转化为所需产物，这两种特性使得酶可作为一种特殊药物执行小分子无法进行的治疗性生物化学反应。利用生物技术开发新的酶类药物，采用化学修饰的手段降低治疗酶的免疫原性及提高其相对稳定性，是目前探索酶类药物的研究方向。本文系统地概述了国内外酶作为治疗性药物的最新研究进展及展望。

Abstract:

The research on the application of enzyme drugs has become a hot spot in the field of biopharmaceuticals. Increasing number of enzymatic drugs have contained in pharmacopoeias in various countries, and most of them have become effective treatment drugs for various major diseases. Enzymes have great affinity and specificity for substrates and can catalyze the transformation of a variety of target molecules into desired products that make enzymes as special and effective drugs and perform therapeutic biochemical reactions, which can’t be performed by small molecules. Utilizing biotechnology to promote the development of new enzymatic drugs, and chemical modification to reduce the immune prototype of therapeutic enzymes and improve their relative stability are the current research direction of exploring enzymatic drugs. This review systematically summarizes the latest research progress and prospects of enzymes as therapeutic drugs at home and abroad.