微生物学“绪论”教学中培养学生独立思考和系统性学习能力

Cultivation of students’ abilities for independent thinking and systematic learning during teaching of the Introduction part in microbiology course

摘要:

在微生物学教学中注重培养学生的独立思考和系统性学习能力是实施创新教育的重要途径。“绪论”作为微生物学课程的第一节课内容，要帮助学生培养独立思考能力，并对微生物以及微生物学这门课程的内容建立一个整体框架。“绪论”部分的重点是介绍微生物学发展史和微生物的五大共性。在微生物发展史的教学过程中，以巴斯德的曲颈瓶实验为切入点，让学生掌握从不同层面去思考同一个问题。另外，通过介绍微生物学发展史后的分组讨论，让学生体会科学发展规律和独立思考的重要性。微生物的五大共性是微生物的“微小”特点所决定的，而且这五大共性之间存在严谨的逻辑关系。微生物的五大共性是微生物各个方面特点的核心，与周德庆编著的《微生物学教程》中各章节内容和顺序相吻合，能帮助学生建立大框架，易于把后继学习的一个个知识点放进这个框架，系统学好微生物学。

Abstract:

In teaching of Microbiology course, it is an important way to cultivate students’ abilities for independent thinking and systematic learning. As the first part of Microbiology course, “introduction” should help students to cultivate the ability of independent thinking and establish the overall framework. The “introduction” focuses on the development history of microbiology and the five commonalities of microorganisms. In the process of teaching the development history of microbiology, we will take Pasteur’s flask experiment as the starting point, let students learn to think same question from different levels. By students’ group discussion after the teaching of the development history of microbiology, let the students realize the importance of scientific development law and independent thinking. The five commonalities of microorganisms are determined by the “micro”, the characteristics of microorganisms, and there is a rigorous logical relationship between the five commonalities. The five commonalities of microorganisms are the core of the characteristics of all aspects of microorganisms, and are consistent with the order and contents of each chapter in the “Essential microbiology” compiled by Deqing Zhou, and that will help students to establish an overall framework, and easy to put the knowledge points of subsequent learning into the framework and learn microbiology more systematically.