以学生为中心的支架式教学在微生物学课程中的实践与思考

Student-centered scaffolding teaching in Microbiology course

摘要:

随着社会对人才质量要求的不断提高，探索新的教学模式、注重学生能力培养、提高人才培养质量成为学校教学工作的基本要求。支架式教学是指教师基于学生已有的知识，为帮助学生理解新知识提供一种概念框架，就像一个搭梯子的过程，确保学生已有的知识成为他们建构新知识的关键。这种教学模式强调学生的学习主动性，注重学生的能力培养，在教师为学生创设的模拟环境中，学生以主动探究、合作学习等方式完成知识建构，提高自身综合能力。我们在微生物学课程的教学中通过搭建支架、创设情境、独立探索、协作学习和效果评价等过程对探究式学习中支架式教学实践进行了研究和探索。

Abstract:

With the increase of social need to the intellectual quality, it has become a basic requirement of school teaching: to explore the new teaching pattern, pay attention to the student ability training, and improve the talent training quality. Scaffolding teaching means that teachers provide a conceptual framework which is based on students’ existing knowledge to help students understanding new knowledge, just like a process of building a ladder, ensuring that students’ existing knowledge becomes the key for them to construct a new knowledge system. Scaffolding teaching emphasizes students’ learning initiative and pays attention to students’ ability cultivation. In the simulated environment created by teachers, students complete knowledge construction by means of active exploration and cooperative learning to improve their comprehensive ability. In this paper, the authors explored the teaching practice of scaffolding in exploratory learning through the process of scaffolding construction, situation creation, independent exploration, cooperative learning and effect evaluation.