不同育种技术在乙醇及丁醇高产菌株选育中的应用

Applications of different breeding technologies to obtain high ethanol and butanol producing strains

摘要:

利用微生物发酵进行能源物质的生产是开发新型可再生能源的重要手段。在工业化生产过程中，由于高温、渗透压及产物毒性效应等不良环境因素，常导致生产菌株的多种重要生理功能发生改变，从而降低产物转化效率。因此，获取高产及抗逆性强的优良菌株是提高生物燃料工业化进程的重要途径之一。本文以乙醇与丁醇生产菌株为研究对象，系统阐述当前提高生产菌株发酵性能的各种育种手段，并对其在工业化生产过程中所面临的机遇与挑战进行简要评述。

关键词:生物燃料，生物丁醇，诱变育种，现代生物技术

Abstract:

The production of energy via fermentation is an important method to develop the renewable energy sources. Due to adverse environmental factors such as higher temperature, higher osmotic pressure and solvent toxicity in the process of industrial production, the physiological functions of producing strains were often changed, then reducing biotransformation efficiency. Therefore, obtaining excellent strains with higher yield and higher solvent resistance is of great significance for the current ethanol and butanol industrial fermentation. In this paper, we propose to discuss the ethanol and butanol producing strains, and the current breeding methods for improving ethanol and butanol fermentation performance were systematically reviewed. The opportunities and challenges in the production process of ethanol and butanol were also discussed.

Key words:Biofuel, Biobutanol, Mutation breeding, Modern biological technology