细菌有活力但不可培养状态及其机制研究进展

Research progress on viable but non-culturable state of bacteria

摘要:

有活力但不可培养(viable but non-culturable，VBNC)状态是细菌遭遇逆境时进入的一种特殊状态，该状态下的菌体在条件适宜时可复苏并恢复其致病性，被认为是细菌躲避不良环境的一种生存策略。VBNC状态菌体对人类医学和工农业生产具有巨大的潜在威胁，开展关于VBNC状态的检测及诱导、复苏及其机制研究可为减少或避免该状态细菌的危害提供理论基础。本文简要综述了细菌VBNC状态在诱导、复苏及致病性等方面的研究进展，并结合本实验室及国内外相关团队近年来在植物病原细菌VBNC状态研究中的结果，详细总结了VBNC状态细菌的形成和复苏机制，对植物病原细菌在环境胁迫下的存活机制、病害田间初侵染来源分析及VBNC状态菌体在病害循环中的作用等相关研究具有重要参考意义。

Abstract:

Viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state is a dormant-like state of bacteria, and many species of bacteria can enter into this state when suffering stress conditions. VBNC bacterial cells can resuscitate to culturable state and recover their pathogenicity when conditions become favorable. Consequently, entering into VBNC state is considered as a survival strategy for bacteria to overcome the hostile conditions. Nowadays, VBNC bacteria pose a great potential threat to human health, food industry and agricultural production. Research on detection, induction, resuscitation and their mechanisms can provide theoretical basis for managing or reducing the risks of VBNC bacterial cells. Based on the research results of VBNC state of phytopathogenic bacteria in our lab and other research teams in recent years, we summarize all progresses of VBNC bacteria in this review, especially on the mechanisms of VBNC state formation and resuscitation. We hope that this paper will be of significant reference to the study on the survival mechanism of plant-pathogenic bacteria under stresses, the primary inoculum analysis for bacterial diseases in the field, as well as the role of VBNC cells in the disease cycle.