利用木质纤维素生产丁醇的研究进展

Research progress in production of butanol from lignocellulose

摘要:

随着化石燃料的逐年减少，以生物质为原料的生物能源研究近年来成为能源领域的研究热点，充分利用可再生生物质为发展经济的生物燃料生产工艺提供了一个极好的机会。与燃料乙醇和生物柴油相比，生物丁醇更具有优越性，以可再生木质纤维素生物质为原料进行发酵生产丁醇在近年来被广泛的研究。对于利用可再生生物质为原料生产丁醇，需要解决原料的选择、产品收率低、抑制物对生产菌株毒性等问题。本文对以木质纤维素生物质为原料进行生物丁醇发酵过程中的原料预处理、抑制物对丁醇生产菌的影响，以及水解液的脱毒和耐抑制物菌株的选育等方面进行综述，并对以木质纤维素生产燃料丁醇所面临的机遇与问题进行了简要评述。

关键词:木质纤维素，丁醇，抑制物，脱毒

Abstract:

Rapid depletion of reserved fossil fuel, this has made biomass-based bioenergy research becoming a research hotspot in the energy field in recent years. Making the most of renewable biomass can provide an excellent opportunity to develop economical biofuel production processes. Compared with ethanol and biodiesel, biobutanol has more advantages. Therefore, production of butanol from renewable lignocellulosic biomass has been widely studied in recent years. In order to obtain butanol from renewable biomass, some key scientific problems, such as the selection of raw material, low yield of product, toxicity of the inhibitor to the producing strain, need to be solved. In this study, the pretreatment of raw materials in the process of biobutanol fermentation with lignocellulose biomass as raw materials, the effect of inhibitors on butanol-producing strains, the detoxification of hydrolysate and the selection of strains resistant to inhibitors were reviewed. The opportunities and challenges in the production of butanol from lignocellulose were also discussed.

Key words:Lignocellulose, Butanol, Inhibitor, Detoxification