[Background] Adolescents acne is one of the most common chronic inflammatory dermatitis associated with abnormal proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes. [Objective] The aim of this study was to explore the difference of microbial composition between the acne skin and healthy control, and to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of acne from the perspective of microecology. [Methods] Bacterial 16S rRNA gene V1?V2 region sequencing and fungal TIS1 region sequencing technology were used to analyze the bacterial and fungal community structure of facial acne skin in 16-year-old teenagers in Beijing. Bacterial and fungal composition in adolescent acne with lesions and nearby areas without obvious lesions, as well as healthy controls, were investigated. [Results] Compared to the healthy samples, the skin bacterial diversity of adolescent with acne was significantly decreased (P<0.001), and the abundance of Propionibacterium (P. acnes) and Staphylococcus (Staphylococcus epidermidis PM221) decreased significantly. While there was no significant difference in the bacterial composition between the acne lesion area and the nearby no obvious lesion area. The fungal richness (Chao1 index) and the abundance of Malassezia restricta of the adolescent acne group was significantly higher than that of the healthy control group (P<0.05). [Conclusion] The change of skin microbial composition is associated with the occurrence of adolescents acne. This study provided theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of acne from the perspective of microorganisms.
