活性污泥中菌群多样性及其功能调控研究进展

Research progress of bacterial diversity and functional regulation in activated sludge

摘要:

活性污泥是污水处理厂生物处理工艺的功能主体，活性污泥中菌群的种类、数量及活性是提高污水处理能力与效果的重要基础。本文综述了活性污泥处理工艺中的主要功能细菌(絮凝菌、脱氮菌、除磷菌等)生物群落的多样性与生态特征，并对目前主流的菌群鉴定方式进行总结，最后从运行条件、定向驯化及生物强化3个方面对菌群调控进行论述，以期为活性污泥法污水处理工艺提供一些理论指导。

Abstract:

Activated sludge is the main function body of biological treatment process in wastewater treatment plant. The species, quantity and activity of bacteria in activated sludge are the important basis for improving wastewater treatment capacity and effect. Based on the summary and analysis of the relevant literatures, the diversity and ecological characteristics of the main functional bacteria (flocculants, denitrifying bacteria, phosphorus removal bacteria, etc.) in activated sludge treatment process were summarized, and the current mainstream identification methods of bacteria were also summarized. Finally, the regulation and control of micro flora in activated sludge are discussed from three aspects: operation conditions, directional domestication and biological reinforcement, providing a certain theoretical basis for improvement of the functional stability of sewage treatment plants.