Abstract:Anammox process is a new biotechnology for nitrogen removal from wastewaters. It was favored in the field of environmental engineering once it came out and now it has become the upgrading technology. Anammox bacteria (AnAOB) are the function source of Anammox process and Anammox granular sludge (AnGS) formed by AnAOB is the vital pillar of Anammox granular sludge bed system. However, due to the slow growth of AnAOB and their sensitivity to the change of environmental conditions, Anammox nitrogen removal system not only starts up slowly, but runs easily to be unstable and even collapses. Fortunately, AnAOB can select, combine and fix the functional bacterial community freely to form AnGS, thus ensuring the continuous work of the Anammox nitrogen removal system for its excellent gravity settling property and high efficient substrate conversion property. In this paper, the taxonomy and characteristic of AnAOB, compopsition, structure, and function of AnGS are reviewed so as to give guidance for the optimization and expansion of Anammox process.
