肠道修复：一种利用益生菌减少重金属积累的新思路

Gut remediation: a new approach to reduce the accumulation of heavy metals by using probiotics

摘要:

近年来受到重金属工业废水的排放及人类日常活动的影响，我国大面积土壤中重金属含量急剧增高。不同重金属可能通过食物链进入人体，给人类健康带来隐患。因此，减少重金属在动物体肠道中的积累是降低重金属危害的一个重要课题。研究显示，一些益生菌能够在体内外环境中有效地结合重金属，但人们对益生菌结合重金属的能力，及其对重金属的肠道修复机理了解较少。本文针对目前镉、铅、铬等重金属对环境与动物体健康造成严重危害的现状，分析了各类重金属的污染来源，概括了益生菌在环境与动物体肠道中对各种重金属的修复情况及作用机理，重点考察了益生菌在动物体肠道环境中与重金属相互作用的机理研究，同时对未来利用益生菌制剂直接减少人体肠道内重金属积累进行了展望。

Abstract:

In recent years, heavy metal contamination in China has greatly increased due to the discharge of industrial wastewater and daily human activities. People living in polluted areas suffer from serious health problems as a result of long-term ingestion of contaminated crops. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to repair heavy metal pollution in developing countries. Recent studies have mainly focused on the probiotics effectively combine with heavy metals in vitro and in vivo, and different mechanisms have been proposed to explain the functions of probiotics in heavy metals’ remediation. In view of the current situation, heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, and chromium have serious impacts on the environment and animal health, this review analyzes the sources of heavy metals pollution and the control of various heavy metals in the environment and animal intestines. Meanwhile, the mechanisms of heavy metal remediation processes by probiotics are summarized, and the utilization of probiotics in alleviating heavy metals’ toxicity on human and the environment in the future.