细菌利用不同碳、氮源共代谢降解脱色偶氮染料研究进展

Carbon and nitrogen co-metabolism during bacterial degradation and decolorization of azo dyes

摘要:

本文主要综述了细菌利用碳、氮源等不同共代谢基质降解脱色偶氮染料的研究进展。综合文献结果表明，在单一碳源、单一氮源、复合碳氮源等不同共代谢基质条件下，细菌降解脱色偶氮染料的效能存在较大差异。其影响因素主要包括碳源种类、氮源种类、浓度、碳氮源复合比例等，其中碳、氮源种类影响最为显著。针对偶氮染料，只有提供合适的碳、氮源共代谢基质，才能对细菌降解脱色的效果起到明显的促进作用。同时，在不同碳、氮源共代谢基质条件下，细菌菌群群落结构及优势功能菌种差异较大，而不同碳、氮源共代谢基质作为偶氮染料还原脱色的电子供体，产生的脱色效能也有显著不同。最后，对利用碳、氮源共代谢降解脱色偶氮染料的研究方向进行了展望，认为复合合适的碳、氮源在提高细菌菌群降解脱色效率方面具有较大潜力，另一方面，细菌混合菌群利用碳、氮源共代谢降解脱色偶氮染料的微观分子生态学机制，酶学作用机制，功能菌种与功能蛋白之间相互作用机制等还有待深入研究。

Abstract:

This article mainly reviewed the research progress of bacteria using carbon, nitrogen as co-substrate degrading and decolorizing azo dyes. The results of the comprehensive literature showed that there was a great difference in the efficacy of the bacteria under different co-substrate conditions, such as with single carbon source, single nitrogen source, and composite of carbon and nitrogen sources. The main influencing factors included the type of carbon source, the type of nitrogen source, concentration, composite ratio of carbon and nitrogen source, etc. Among them, the type of carbon and nitrogen sources had the most significant impact. For degradation and decolorization of azo dyes, the performance could be promoted only by providing suitable type of carbon and nitrogen sources. At the same time, under different carbon and nitrogen co-substrate conditions, the bacterial community structure and dominant functional bacteria species differed greatly. Different carbon and nitrogen co-substrates were used as electron donors for azo dye reduction and decolorization, and with significant differences. Finally, the research direction was forecasted. It was considered that suitable carbon and nitrogen sources had great potential for improving the degradation and decolorization efficiency of bacterial flora. On the other hand, the microbiological mechanism of carbon and nitrogen as co-metabolism substrates, the enzymatic mechanisms, the interaction mechanism between functional strains and functional proteins had to be further studied.