基于高通量测序技术的不同年代公园绿地土壤细菌多样性

Analysis of soil bacterial diversity in urban parks with different ages by high throughput sequencing

摘要:

【背景】细菌多样性对绿地土壤生态功能有重要作用，但不同年代公园绿地土壤的细菌多样性尚未见相关报道。【目的】研究北京市不同年代公园绿地土壤细菌多样性和群落结构特征。【方法】利用Illumina Miseq测序技术，分别对北京市代表性古典公园和现代公园绿地土壤细菌群落多样性进行分析。【结果】北京市公园绿地土壤细菌群落共划分为45个已知的菌门，其中变形菌门、酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门和放线菌门为优势细菌群。土壤细菌群落α多样性分析结果表明，古典公园和现代公园的土壤细菌多样性存在差异，表现为古典公园的丰富度和多样性都高于现代公园。此外，土壤细菌群落相似性分析和主坐标分析都表明古典公园和现代公园的土壤细菌群落结构存在显著差异。冗余分析表明，对土壤微生物群落结构产生显著影响的环境因子分别为土壤含水量、有机质和全氮，其它土壤环境因子无统计学意义。首次引入公园年代作为影响因子进行冗余分析的研究结果表明，公园年代为影响公园细菌群落多样性的重要因子。【结论】不同年代公园绿地土壤细菌群落结构和物种多样性具有显著差异，随着公园年代的增加，土壤肥力和微生物多样性增加，绿地生态系统更稳定，可通过制定不同的绿地管理措施改变公园绿地土壤环境，进而优化土壤细菌群落结构，促进土壤碳氮养分循环，提高土壤肥力。

Abstract:

[Background] Bacterial diversity plays an important role in the ecological function of green space soil. However, there is no report on the soil bacterial diversity of urban parks at different age. [Objective] In order to study soil bacterial community diversity and structure characters. [Methods] Illumina Miseq sequencing was adopted to analyze soil bacterial community structures of typical old and young urban parks in Beijing. [Results] The results showed that 45 known phylum were found, among them, Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and Actinobacteria were dominant bacterial groups in all soil samples. Alpha diversity analysis showed that there was a significant differentiation on soil bacterial diversity. The richness and diversity of soil bacterial community in old parks were higher than that of young parks. In addition, similarities analysis and principle coordinate analysis indicated that there was a significant differentiation in bacterial community structure between old and young parks. The redundancy analysis of soil microbial community structure and environmental factors showed that soil moisture, soil organic matter and total nitrogen were the key determinants influencing the soil microbial community structure, whereas none of the soil properties was found responsible for the changes in the soil bacterial community structure. [Conclusion] This study introduced the park age as an influencing factor for redundancy analysis. The results showed that park age is an important factor affecting the diversity of the bacterial communities in the urban parks.