植物与病原菌互作的分子机制研究进展

Research advances in molecular mechanism between plant and pathogen interaction

摘要:

植物的先天免疫主要包括模式识别受体对保守的微生物病原相关分子模式的识别和抗病蛋白对效应蛋白的识别。植物与病原体互作过程中存在广泛的信号交流，信号分子在植物与病原体的互作攻防中发挥了重要的调控作用，决定了二者的竞争关系。当前，大量植物与病原体互作中的信号分子被定位和克隆，其作用方式被揭示。本文总结了这些信号分子及其在植物免疫过程中的作用机制，主要包括植物细胞表面的模式识别受体分子对病原相关分子模式的识别与应答，植物抗病蛋白对病原体效应蛋白的识别与应答，以及免疫反应下游相关信号分子及其在植物抗病中的作用。此外，本文对未来相关研究提出了展望。

Abstract:

Plant innate immunity mainly includes the recognition of conserved pathogen-(or microbial) associated molecular patterns (P/MAMPs) by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), and the recognition of highly variable effectors by highly polymorphic resistance (R) proteins. There is a wide range of signal molecules exchange and recognition between plants and pathogens. Small molecule compounds affect the signal regulation in plants and their pathogens, which decided the outcome of the competition between them to a large extent. Illustrating these signaling molecules and exploring their interaction between plant and pathogen will help to reveal the mechanism of plant disease resistance and to explore new genes related to plant disease resistance. Reported studies have identified these signal molecules and their roles in the interaction between plants and pathogens. Our review summarizes the process of signal molecules and mechanisms between plant and pathogen interactions, the occurrence and signal transduction caused by PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) and Effector-triggered immunity (ETI), and the downstream signal molecules and signal transduction. We also indicate future research needs.