酒精摄入量对小鼠肠道微生物、酶活性和血常规的影响

Effect of alcohol intake on blood and intestinal microbiota and enzyme activities of mice

摘要:

【背景】酒是影响机体健康的一把“双刃剑”，饮酒对机体肠道微生态体系具有重要影响。【目的】研究不同酒精摄入量对小鼠肠道微生物、酶活性及血常规的影响，从肠道微生态和血常规角度探讨饮酒对身体健康的影响及作用机制。【方法】将SPF (specific pathogen free)级实验小鼠随机分为对照组、低酒精量摄入组、中酒精量摄入组和高酒精量摄入组。对照组给予蒸馏水饮用，其余各组分别给予10%、20%和30% (体积比)的酒精水溶液作为小鼠的唯一饮用水，连续1个月后采集回肠内容物进行微生物和酶活性分析，采集眼球血进行血常规分析。【结果】与对照组相比，低酒精量摄入组小鼠肠道内乳酸菌数量显著增加(P<0.05)，大肠杆菌和细菌总数显著降低(P<0.01或P<0.05)；高酒精量摄入组小鼠肠道乳酸菌、双歧杆菌数显著降低(P<0.01)；与低酒精量摄入组和中酒精量摄入组相比，高酒精量摄入组小鼠肠道木聚糖酶、纤维素酶、蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性显著升高(P<0.01)；与对照组相比，低酒精量摄入组小鼠的红细胞比容显著降低(P<0.05)。【结论】高酒精摄入量小鼠肠道有益菌群数量相对减少，肠道屏障功能受到影响；低酒精摄入量能调节小鼠肠道菌群结构和消化酶相对活性。

Abstract:

[Background] Alcohol affects people’s health in two ways: beneficial or harmful. Influence of alcohol on the intestinal micro-ecological system is great. [Objective] Present study was to explore the influence of alcohol intake on blood, intestinal microbiota and enzyme activities of mice. [Methods] SPF (specific pathogen free) experimental mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, low dose group, medium dose group and high dose group. Mice of the control group were given sterile water to drink, other groups were given 10%, 20% and 30% (v/v) ethanol solution respectively to drink freely for 1 month. Then the mice were sacrificed, enzyme activities and microorganisms in mice intestinal contents were analyzed. Blood was collected by the eyeball method and analyzed at the same time. [Results] Compared to the control group, the amounts of lactobacillus in mice intestine of the low dose group increased significantly (P<0.05). However, the numbers of colibacillus and bacterium decreased evidently (P<0.01 or P<0.05). The amounts of lactobacillus and bifidobacteria reduced sharply (P<0.01). Compared to the low dose group and medium dose group, the activities of xylanase, protease and amylase in mice intestine of the high dose group increased obviously (P<0.01). The activities of the digestive enzymes in mice intestine of the low dose group was lower than that of the control group. Hematocrit in mice of the low dose group was lower than the control group (P<0.05). [Conclusion] Our findings suggested that high alcohol consumption induced the decrease in the number of intestinal probiotics and intestinal barrier function, but low alcohol consumption can regulate the intestinal flora and enzyme activities in mice intestine.