木霉属2个中国新记录种

Two Chinese new records of the genus Trichoderma in the Stromaticum clade

摘要:

【背景】木霉菌现存的Stromaticum进化支为Samuels等2012年定义，包括9个木霉种；国内目前仅报道子座木霉(Trichoderma stromaticum)、蠕状毛木霉(T. vermipilum)和絮状木霉(T. floccosum) 3个种。【目的】报道2个木霉属中国新记录种。【方法】采用THSM选择性培养基，从北京和山东两地土壤中分离木霉菌株，通过形态学特征、TEF1-α和RPB2序列对菌株进行鉴定。【结果】通过对TEF1-α和RPB2的系统发育分析，2个菌株分别与T. ivoriense (科特迪瓦木霉)和T. barbatum (毛簇木霉)相近；且形态学特征上存在差异。综合鉴定2个菌株分别为科特迪瓦木霉(T. ivoriense)和毛簇木霉(T. barbatum)或其近缘种。【结论】在国内新发现科特迪瓦木霉(T. ivoriense)和毛簇木霉(T. barbatum)两个木霉种，它们属于Stromaticum进化支，该进化支国内木霉种类增加到5个。

Abstract:

[Background] The Stromaticum clade of Trichoderma was defined by Samuels et al. in 2012, including 9 species. However, only 3 species, i.e. T. stromaticum, T. vermipilum and T. floccosum were reported in China. [Objective] Two Trichoderma species, i.e. T. ivoriense and T. barbatum, are newly recorded in China. [Methods] They were collected from Beijing and Shandong by the selective medium THSM, and identified by the translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF1-α), RNA polymeraseⅡsubunit 2 (RPB2) and observation of morphological characteristics. [Results] By phylogenetic analyses of TEF1-α and RPB2, two Trichoderma strains were close to T. ivoriense and T. barbatum respectively; however, morphologically they are markedly different from typical species of T. ivoriense or T. barbatum. Therefore these two strains were identified as T. ivoriense and T. barbatum, or relative species of them. [Conclusion] Two species of the genus Trichoderma were newly discovered in China and were described, they belong to the Stromaticum clade. The numbers of species in that clade add up to five.