黎族人肠道微生物群落结构特征及其与饮食关联性

Intestinal microbiota in Li cohort and its correlation with their diets

摘要:

【目的】对采集自海南省白沙地区的黎族健康志愿者肠道菌群进行研究，旨在揭示黎族人肠道微生物群落结构特征及其与饮食的相关性。【方法】以海南省白沙黎族自治县征集的22名志愿者晨便为研究对象，应用基于16S rRNA基因V3–V4可变区的高通量测序技术测定其肠道菌群组成，并与其他民族肠道菌群进行比较分析，详细记录黎族22名志愿者的营养物质摄入情况，探索其肠道微生物群落结构特征及其与饮食的相关性。【结果】在门水平上，拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes，58.96%)和硬壁菌门(Firmicutes，37.77%)在黎族志愿者肠道内含量最高；在属的水平上，普氏菌属(Prevotella，49.38%)在黎族健康志愿者肠道内含量最高。基于微生物群落α和β多样性的分析结果表明，黎族人肠道菌群与中国其他民族人群肠道菌群呈现出显著差异且α多样性显著低于其他民族，特征性差异菌属为：链型杆菌属(Catenibacterium)、普氏菌属(Prevotella)、巨型球菌属(Megasphaera)、巨单胞菌属(Megamonas)、考拉杆菌属(Phascolarctobacterium)和布劳特氏菌属(Blautia)。基于肠道核心微生物与营养物质相关性的研究显示，普氏粪杆菌(Faecalibacterium prausnitzii)与膳食纤维、Cu、Mg和Mn的摄入量呈现显著正相关，与脂肪和VB2的摄入量呈现显著负相关，而罗氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rogosae)与膳食纤维、Zn和Fe的摄入量呈显著正相关，与烟酸摄入量呈显著负相关。【结论】揭示了肠道微生物在不同地域和民族之间的差异，研究结果提供了一种通过膳食来优化菌群结构、调控宿主肠道微生态平衡的新思路。

Abstract:

[Objective] To analyze the intestinal microbiota of healthy Li cohort in Baisha of Hainan Province, study the profiles of intestinal microbiota of Li cohort and its correlation with their diet. [Methods] Morning faeces of 22 volunteers in Baisha of Hainan Province were selected as the study object, high-throughput sequencing technology based on 16S rRNA gene V3–V4 variable region was used to research the intestinal microbiota of Li cohort. Then, compared and analyzed the intestinal microbiota between Li cohort and other ethnic groups. At the same time, the nutrient intake of 22?volunteers of Li cohort was recorded in detail to study the profiles in intestinal microbiota of Li cohort and its correlation with their diet. [Results] Bacteroidetes (58.96%) and Firmicutes (37.77%) were the most abundant phylum in the gut of Li cohort. Meanwhile, at the genus level, Prevotella (49.38%) was the predominant genus. We compared the differences in gut microbiota between the Li cohort and other ethnic groups in China. Based on the analysis of α and β diversity in microbiota communities, the gut microbiota of Li cohort was significantly differences with other ethnic groups in China, and the α diversity in Li cohort was significantly lower than other ethnic groups. And the structure difference could be attributed to the genera of Catenibacterium, Prevotella, Megasphaera, Megamonas, Phascolarctobacterium and Blautia. The correlation between core microbiota and nutrients showed that Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was significantly positively related to the intake of dietary fiber, Cu, Mg and Mn, and negatively related to the intake of fat and VB2, while the Lactobacillus rogosae was significantly positively related to the intake of dietary fiber, Zn and Fe, and negatively related to the intake of niacin. [Conclusion] Present research reflected the differences in the gut microbiota among different regions and ethnic groups, and provided a theoretical basis for further understanding the balance in host’s intestinal microecology.