解淀粉芽孢杆菌3-2发酵羽毛产氨基酸

Amino acid production from waste feather by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 3-2

摘要:

【目的】建立废弃羽毛液体发酵工艺，优化发酵条件，提高羽毛降解率及氨基酸产量，研发新型、高效复合氨基酸肥料。【方法】利用解淀粉芽孢杆菌3-2发酵羽毛，探究温度、发酵时间、羽毛含量、单一碳源、复合碳氮源、金属离子等对废弃羽毛降解效果以及发酵液中氨基酸种类和含量的影响。【结果】废弃羽毛降解率与氨基酸总产量呈负相关。随着发酵时间延长，羽毛降解率增加，当发酵温度为37 °C、羽毛添加量为1%、以乳糖为外加碳源、添加Mg2+时，羽毛降解率最高，达到81.92%。随着羽毛添加量增加，氨基酸总含量也增加(在20%范围以内)，当发酵温度为37 °C、降解时间为108 h、羽毛添加量为10%、乳糖添加量为0.5%、不添加复合碳氮源、不添加金属离子时，氨基酸的种类最全(富含17种氨基酸)，总含量最高，达到20.861 g/kg。【结论】利用解淀粉芽孢杆菌3-2发酵废弃羽毛生产氨基酸复合肥料是一种可靠、环保、经济的方法，获得的氨基酸肥料营养齐全。研究结果为新型复合氨基酸肥料的研发提供技术支撑。

关键词:解淀粉芽孢杆菌，废弃羽毛，发酵，氨基酸，工艺优化

Abstract:

[Objective] To develop a novel and efficient amino acid fertilizer, a liquid fermentation of waste feathers was established and optimized aiming at enhancing the degradation of waste feather and yield of amino acid. [Methods] Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 3-2 was used to ferment feathers. The influences of fermentation temperature, time, feathers content, sole carbon source, carbon-nitrogen complex and metal ions on the degradation of feather as well as the kinds and yield of amino acids were studied. [results] No positive correlation between degradation of waste feathers and yield of amino acid was observed. Increase of fermentation time contributed to the degradation of feathers. The optimal fermentation conditions of degradation of feathers were 37 °C, 1% feather, lactose as external carbon source and Mg2+ and the highest degradation of feathers was 81.92%. The increase of feathers content favored the yield of amino acids (less than 20%). The optimal conditions of kinds and yield of amino acids were 37 °C, 108 h, 10% feathers, 0.5% lactose and no carbon-nitrogen complex and metal ions with the kinds of 17 and highest yield of 20.861 g/kg amino acids. [Conclusion] The production of nutrient-rich amino acids fertilizer from waste feathers by fermentation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 3-2 is a reliable, eco-friendly and economical technology. The results will be a technological support to develop novel amino acids fertilizer.

Key words:Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Waste feathers, Fermentation, Amino acid, Process optimization