食药用菌诱变育种研究进展

Advances in the mutation breeding of edible and medicinal fungi

摘要:

诱变育种是一项借助诱变剂人为的诱导突变，创造出杂交育种中无法创制的新性状的育种技术。自然界中的突变只有0.1%，而诱变育种可以提高到3%左右，比自然突变高100倍以上。诱变技术已经在食药用菌育种中广为利用，本文针对诱变育种的原理、方法、在食药用菌中的应用情况进行了阐述，最后为食药用菌诱变育种的进一步发展进行了探讨和展望，这为利用诱变技术进行食药用菌品种的选育提供了理论依据和参考。

Abstract:

Mutation breeding is a new breeding technique, with the help of mutagens, and creates new traits that could not be obtained by conventional hybrid technique. The spontaneous mutation rate was only 0.1%, but the mutation rate of mutation breeding was 3%, and was 100 times higher than spontaneous mutation. The mutation technique has been used widely in breeding of edible and medicinal fungi. In this paper, we introduces the principle, method, application and prospect of mutation breeding in edible and medicinal fungi, and provide theoretical basis and reference for mutation breeding of edible and medicinal fungi.