木霉防治灰霉病的研究进展

Advances in biocontrol of Botrytis cinerea by Trichoderma spp.

摘要:

植物病害的生物防治是降低化学农药用量、减少环境污染的一种有效方式，木霉是现在普遍应用且生防潜力巨大的灰霉病防治真菌。目前，已经对防治灰霉的木霉菌株的筛选、应用及生防机制进行了大量而深入的研究。木霉的生防机制分为直接生防机制和间接生防机制，前者主要指木霉与灰霉病菌直接作用过程中所涉及的重寄生、抗生和营养竞争，后者是木霉通过诱导植物产生系统抗性来防治灰霉。本文对木霉直接防治灰霉病以及诱导植物产生系统抗性防治灰霉病所涉及的互作模式、信号传导途径以及所引起的防御反应进行综述，旨在通过机制的深入研究能够找到进一步提高木霉生防效果的技术方案。

Abstract:

Biological control of plant diseases is an effective way to reduce chemical pesticides and environmental pollution. Trichoderma spp. are important biocontrol fungi that play a key role in controlling plant disease. Some studies indicate that Trichoderma are widely used to Botrytis cinerea control. At present, screening, application and biocontrol mechanism of Trichoderma against B. cinerea are widely studied. Interaction between Trichoderma and B. cinerea can activate multiple antagonistic mechanisms of Trichoderma. One of the biocontrol mechanism of Trichoderma is direct mechanism, including the hyperparasitism, antibiotic and competition. The other, indirect mechanism, is the induced system resistance of plant by Trichoderma. We reviewed the mechanism of Trichoderma against B. cinerea including the interaction model, signal transduction pathway and the induce defense response of plants, for an efficiency application of Trichoderma as biocontrol agents.