一株高效烷烃降解菌Acinetobacter sp. LAM1007的分离鉴定及降解特性

Isolation , identification and degradation characterization of an alkane-degrading Acinetobacter sp. LAM1007

摘要:

【目的】挖掘高效烷烃降解菌，为后续石油烃污染修复工程提供优良菌种资源。【方法】以正十六烷为唯一碳源，将大庆石油污染土样中分离筛选到的高效烷烃降解菌经形态观察、生理生化试验、细胞化学组分及16S rRNA基因序列分析等方法进行初步鉴定与系统分类；同时通过单因素试验研究环境因素(温度、pH、接种量和转速)以及不同初始浓度的正十六烷(0.1%、0.3%、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%，体积比)对菌株降解效率的影响。【结果】筛选到一株高效烷烃降解菌LAM1007，经初步鉴定该菌株为不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)。该菌株在添加正十六烷的无机盐培养基中的最适降解条件为：30 °C，pH 7.0，接种量1% (体积比)，转速180 r/min，在该条件下浓度为0.3% (体积比)的正十六烷60 h内降解率高达90%。【结论】菌株LAM1007是一株在石油烃污染修复方面极具应用潜力的高效烷烃降解菌。

Abstract:

[Objective] We isolated and identified alkane-degrading bacteria to provide microbial resources to remediate petroleum hydrocarbon pollution. [Methods] With n-hexadecane as sole carbon source, we identified strain LAM1007 isolated from Daqing oil-contaminated field by analysis of morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, cellular chemical composition, and 16S rRNA gene sequence. Furthermore, single factor experiment was used to evaluate various parameters including temperature, pH, biomass, shaking speed, concentration of n-hexadecane (0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%, v/v). [Results] Strain LAM1007 was isolated and identified as a member of the genus Acinetobacter. Optimum condition of the strain was in an inorganic salt medium supplemented with n-hexadecane at 30 °C, pH 7.0, 1% (v/v) biomass and 180 r/min. The degradation of n-hexadecane (0.3% v/v) was 90% after 60 h under the optimum conditions. [Conclusion] Acinetobacter sp. LAM1007 has the potential to remediate petroleum hydrocarbon pollution.