从微生物组到合成功能菌群

From microbiome to synthetic microbial community

摘要:

微生物组是指特定微环境中的微生物群落及其组学，自然界中的生物过程几乎都是通过微生物组完成的。随着测序技术的发展和成本降低，微生物组已经成为微生物生态学研究的热点领域。继合成生物学之后，基于微生物组的合成功能菌群研究正在兴起，在人类健康、农业、工业和生态等领域都有广泛的应用前景。本文从微生物组到合成功能菌群的角度系统论述了其在不同领域的研究现状与发展趋势，为微生物组从理论研究到应用提供思路。

Abstract:

Microbiome describes the microbial community and its -omics that reside in a specific niche, and almost all the biological processes in nature are conducted by certain microbiome. Along with the development and cost effectiveness of DNA sequencing technique, microbiome has become a hot research area. After synthetic biology, synthetic microbial community based on the microbiome will increase our ability to harness the power of microbial communities in biotechnology and to manipulate such communities to promote human health, agriculture, industry and environment. This paper reviews the research progress and application of microbiome in various fields from a viewpoint of ‘from microbiome to synthetic microbial community’, and provides ideas from the theoretical research to application of microbiome.