微生物气溶胶采集技术的特点及应用

The application and characteristics of technologies for bioaerosols collection

摘要:

微生物气溶胶是悬浮于空气中粒径差异显著的生物粒子。污水处理、垃圾填埋等污水和固体废弃物的处理过程会产生大量的微生物气溶胶。近年来，随着对微生物气溶胶的不断认识，对其产生、逸散以及危害环境和人体的研究越来越多。在过去的150年，研究者们研发了多种微生物气溶胶采集技术和仪器设备，每种采集技术各有特点和适用条件。本文阐述沉降法、惯性采样法和过滤法3种典型微生物气溶胶采集技术的特点和原理，分析各种采样设备的适用性，为微生物气溶胶的采集和研究提供参考。

Abstract:

Bioaerosols are particles of biological origin that are suspended in the air and cover a wide size range. A large number of bioaerosols are emitted during the process of sewage and solid waste treatment. With an increasing attention towards bioaerosols, their generation, transmission and potential hazards to human health and environment have been extensively investigated. Various sampling technologies and devices have been developed for the collection of bioaerosols in the past 150 years. Each one of these methods and devices has its unique characteristics and suitable application areas. Sedimentation, inertial sampling and filtration are three typical techniques used for bioaerosol collection. This paper summarizes the operational principles, the collection efficiencies and the application scope of these techniques, which will serve as the scientific bases for bioaerosol investigations in future.