高通量测序技术分析新疆新源县过度放牧土壤细菌多样性

Determination of bacteria diversity of degraded grassland in Xinyuan county by high-throughput sequencing technology

摘要:

【目的】利用新疆伊犁州新源县过度放牧导致的退化草原土壤样品，揭示其细菌的菌群多样性。【方法】通过Illumina HiSeq 2500测序技术，分析6个退化草原土壤细菌的菌群结构及多样性。【结果】细菌群落Chao1指数平均值为2 118.28，Shannon指数平均值为8.84。细菌群落主要属于Actinobacteria、Proteobacteria、Firmicutes、Gemmatimonadetes等35个门，phingomonadaceae、Gemmatimonadaceae等220个科，Sphingomonas、Rubrobacter等329个属，在科属水平上未知菌类分别占31%和56.1%。固氮细菌共有9个属，自生固氮菌中Arthrobacter和Methylobacterium的丰度最高，而根瘤菌中Bradyrhizobium和Rhizobacter的丰度较高。【结论】虽然6个退化草原土壤样品中细菌类群具有丰富的多样性，但很多种类丰度特别低，可能正趋向灭绝。

Abstract:

[Objective] In order to study the community diversity of degraded grassland caused by overgrazing, 6 soil samples collected from Xinyuan county were investigated. [Methods] Bacterial diversity and community structure of the samples were analyzed via high throughput sequencing technology Illumina HiSeq 2500. [Results] The mean value Chao1 and Shannon index were 2 118.27 and 8.84, respectively; The bacterial community mainly belong to 35 phylum including Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, etc., and 220 family including phingomonadaceae, Gemmatimonadaceae, etc., and 329 genera including Sphingomonas, Rubrobacter, etc. Nine genera of nitrogen fixing bacteria were tested, the most high abundance of which were Arthrobacter, Methylobacterium belong to azotobacter, and Bradyrhizobium, Rhizobacter were relatively high abundance bacteria belong to rhizobia. [Conclusion] The bacterial diversity is abundant in the six samples from degraded grassland, but many species were at low abundance, perhaps they declined toward extinction.