微生态制剂与反刍动物甲烷减排

Direct-fed Microbes and reduction of enteric methane emissions from ruminants

摘要:

反刍动物瘤胃中产甲烷菌可以利用氢气、甲醇和甲胺等物质生成甲烷，不仅造成饲料能量的浪费，同时甲烷作为一种主要的温室气体也对环境构成了严重的威胁。因此，众多学者都在寻找降低反刍动物甲烷排放的方法，其中有学者提出在饲粮中添加适量可直接饲喂的微生物(Direct-fed microbes，DFM)是一种很有潜力的方法，但目前还处于初步探索阶段。本文综述了几种重要的DFM，并介绍了其作用机制及应用效果。

Abstract:

Rumen methanogens can generate CH4 using hydrogen, methanol, methylamine and other substances. CH4 emissions from ruminants not only cause the dietary gross energy loss, but also have a negative effect on environment. Therefore, many scholars are looking for methods to reduce methane emissions from ruminants. Among the strategies, the use of Direct-fed microbes (DFM) is one possible option to decrease rumen CH4 emission, which remains in the phase of initial exploration. We review several vital DFMs and the mode of action that can be modulated by the use of DFM, and study on the use of DFM for mitigation of ruminant CH4 emissions.