微生物学综合性设计实验教学中存在的问题与探索

Challenges in the undergraduate course of comprehensive design of Microbiological Experiments

摘要:

“微生物学实验”是高校生物学相关专业的重要基础实践课程之一，是生物学人才必须掌握的基本技能。随着高校教学改革工程的不断推进，各高校纷纷开发综合性设计实验以期提高学生的综合素质和创新能力，提升教学质量。然而，在实际实验教学过程中仍然存在学生参与性不强、实验操作技能低、实验题目固定及考核方式单一等诸多问题，不但没有达到预期效果，甚至丧失了开设该实验的初衷。本文总结了微生物学实验教学模式的特点，分析了其在教学运行中存在的问题，在总结前人教学经验的基础上，从变换学生的地位、合理安排实验、增加科研型实验项目及教师配备、完善考核方式等方面进行改革探索，以期为教学管理部门和授课教师提供参考依据。

Abstract:

Microbiology experiment is an important basic practical course tailored for university undergraduates with biology relevant disciplines and also a fundamental skill for further biology professionals. With the encouragement of teaching reform in universities, comprehensive design experiments were carried out aiming to cultivate students’ comprehensive and creative abilities. However, many problems were discovered during the implementation process such as low participation rate of students, poor operational skills, non-flexible experiment program, and too simple assessment method. As a result, the expected learning outcomes were not obtained. In this study, we summarized the features of Microbiology Experiment teaching model, analyzed the problems existed in the teaching process, and provided advice to improve this model from the aspects of encouraging students’ participation, arranging the reasonable experimental settings, introducing research-orientated programs accompanied with corresponding teachers, and improving the evaluation approaches.