三种浸矿细菌协同作用的回顾及展望

A review of synergy development and prospect of three leaching bacteria

摘要:

生物浸矿技术相比于传统的矿物加工技术具有成本低、易操作和污染小的特点，可以用来处理金精矿、低品位金矿、难处理金矿或者是高硫煤炭。为了更好地利用多种浸矿细菌的协同作用，本文综合阐述了生物浸矿的协同作用优势和存在的一些问题，对今后协同浸矿的发展做了预测。本文首先分析了3种主要浸矿细菌，包括氧化亚铁硫杆菌、氧化亚铁钩端螺旋菌和氧化硫硫杆菌等各自的生物学特性，接着重点分析了国内外近些年来浸矿细菌的协同作用研究进展情况和作用机制，最后展望了未来二十年内浸矿技术研究的发展方向。

Abstract:

Compared to traditional processing method of minerals, bioleaching is low-cost, easy-operating and low pollutioned and has began to be applied in the treatment of refractory gold ore, low-grade minerals or high-sulfur coal. To make full use of the synergy of leaching bacteria, the present work mainly addressed the synergic advantage and problems during bioleaching comprehensively and the predicted the bioleaching trend in the future. Firstly, the biological characteristics of three important leaching bacteria were analyzed, including Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Leptospifillum ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans. Secondly, domestic and abroad research development of bioleaching and its synergic mechanism were also discussed. Finally, possible research prospect and solution of bioleaching technology in two decades was predicted.