果树枝条栽培灵芝的品质特性分析

Quality characteristics of fruit branch-cultivated Ganoderma lucidum

摘要:

【目的】研究果树枝条作为栽培基质对赤灵芝(菌株：金地灵芝)子实体品质的影响。【方法】比较果树(苹果、桃树、梨树)枝条和常规杂木屑栽培灵芝的农艺性状、营养成分及活性成分含量的变化，进一步对其改善睡眠的功能进行评价。【结果】果树枝条栽培的灵芝品质具有较大的差异。3种果树枝条栽培的灵芝菌丝体生长速度显著低于常规组(P<0.05)，发菌时间延长7?13 d，同时产量有不同程度的下降。各组间的营养成分含量无明显差异，而果树枝条组的矿质元素含量均显著大于常规组。此外，虽然果树枝条组的灵芝多糖含量较常规组低，但是均能够有效延长小鼠注射戊巴比妥钠后的睡眠时间，并且梨树枝条组能够有效缩短睡眠潜伏期，增加小鼠的入睡率(P<0.05)，改善睡眠功能显著。【结论】利用果树枝条栽培灵芝对其产量和农艺性状指标有一定影响，但是具有较好的改善睡眠的功能。因此，通过果树枝条配方优化，栽培高品质灵芝是切实可行的。

Abstract:

[Objective] To study the effects of cultivation substrate using fruit tree branches on Ganoderma lucidum quality characteristics. [Methods] The agronomic traits of strain JINDI G. lucidum cultivated with apple/peach/pear branches were analyzed. In addition, the nutritional composition and the content of polysaccharides and the function improving sleep were measured and evaluated. [Results] The growth rate of G. lucidum mycelia cultivated with three fruit branches was significantly lower than that in the conventional substrate as control (P<0.05), and 7–13 days was prolonged to mycelia grow. And the yield decline of G. lucidum in the fruit branch group, to a certain extent, has been found. There were no significant differences in the contents of nutrients in between each group, while the content of the mineral elements in the G. lucidum cultivated with three fruit branches were much higher than control. The content of polysaccharide of G. lucidum in the fruit branch group was lower compared with control. While all group can effectively prolong the pentobarbital sodium sleeping time of mice, and the pear branches group shorten sleep latency accomplied with 60% of sleep rate. [Conclusion] The yield and content of polysaccharide of G. lucidum cultivated with fruit branches were decreased differently with poor agronomic traits. But the pear branches can effectively improve sleeping. It was feasible to use fruit branches for G. lucidum cultivation after the optimization of substrate formula.