一株产甘露糖赤藓糖醇脂菌株的筛选及其产物分析

Screening and product characterization of a mannosylerythritol lipids producing strain

摘要:

【目的】解决石油长链烃类物质引起的环境污染问题，筛选可以高效降解石油烃的产糖脂类生物表面活性剂菌株。【方法】采用血平板、油平板法，从葡萄皮表面分离到6株产糖脂类的真菌，比较各菌株的排油性能，通过PCR扩增合成糖脂类表面活性剂的关键基因，筛选到一株具有emtl序列的真菌K6。经形态学、生理生化测定和分子系统发育分析(5.8S，ITS1，ITS2)对菌株进行鉴定，而且通过TLC和HPLC分析该菌株的代谢产物。【结果】经鉴定，该菌为Pseudozyma churashimaensis，可产甘露糖赤藓糖醇脂。石油烃降解实验表明，菌株K6具有很强的乳化性能和降解石油烃的能力，其石油烃降解率可达70.17%。【结论】菌株K6具有产生物表面活性剂和降解长链石油烃类的能力，其对石油污染环境的生物修复具有重要的现实意义。

关键词:Pseudozyma churashimaensis，糖脂，表面活性剂，甘露糖赤藓糖醇脂

Abstract:

[Objective] In order to solve the environmental pollution problem caused by long chain petroleum hydrocarbons, we selected biosurfactant-producing strain that can degrade oil efficiently. [Methods] Six glycolipid-producing strains were isolated from grape skins by using oil-plate and blood-plate method. Oil-spreading test was conducted to test emulsifying ability of the strains. Strain K6 was selected out by detecting emtl gene sequence related to mannosylerythritol lipids synthesis. Morphological, physiological and molecular phylogenic studies were conducted to identify strain K6. The metabolites of strain K6 were characterized by TLC and HPLC. [Results] Strain K6 that produced mannosylerythritol lipids was identified as Pseudozyma churashimaensis. Moreover, its degradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbons could reach 70.17%. [Conclusion] Strain K6 has the ability to produce glycolipid biosurfactant and degrade petroleum hydrocarbons, which shows a practical significance on restoring the petroleum-contaminated environment.

Key words:Pseudozyma churashimaensis, Glycolipid, Surfactant, Mannosylerythritol lipids