嗜盐古菌分类学研究进展

Taxonomy of halophilic archaea: a review

摘要:

嗜盐古菌是一类需要高盐维持生长的古菌。到目前为止,已发现的嗜盐古菌都属于古菌域的广古菌门,主要包括:嗜盐甲烷古菌类群、嗜盐古菌纲的全部成员以及尚不能培养的纳米嗜盐古菌类群。嗜盐古菌是盐环境的土著类群,驱动着盐环境生态系统的生物地球化学循环。作为极端微生物,嗜盐古菌在理论研究和应用领域具有重要的研究价值。本文从嗜盐古菌分类学地位的变迁、分类学方法、分类学研究现状及我国的嗜盐古菌分类学研究等方面综述了嗜盐古菌分类学的最新研究进展。

Abstract:

Halophilic archaea are archaea required high concentrations of salt for growth. Up to date, all the halophilic archaea belong to the phylum Euryarchaeota of the domain Archaea. Currently, halophilic archaea consist of halophilic methanogenic archaea, all members of the class Halobacteria and uncultured “Nanohaloarchaea”. Halophilic archaea are the native microorganisms inhabited in saline environments, which involved in various biogeochemical cycles in saline ecosystem. As a group of extremophiles, halophilic archaea were involved in the theoretical and applied researches. From the aspects of the taxonomic status change, taxonomic methods, current status and the taxonomic study of halophilic archaea in China, the recent advances in the classification and identification of halophilic archaea were summarized in this review.