海滨盐薄片菌——分离自海洋盐田的一个嗜盐古菌新种

Halolamina litorea sp. nov., a haloarchaeon isolated from a marine solar saltern

摘要:

【目的】研究分离自我国华南地区阳江盐田的一株嗜盐古菌菌株YJ-41^T,探究其分类学地位。【方法】运用多相分类学方法即通过表型和遗传型特征鉴定,研究菌株YJ-41^T 的分类学地位。【结果】菌株YJ-41^T 的细胞为杆状、革兰氏染色阴性、菌落呈红色。菌株YJ-41^T 的生长温度范围20–50 ℃ (最适为37 ℃)、NaCl 浓度范围2.1–4.8 mol/L (最适为3.1 mol/L)、MgCl₂浓度范围0–1.0 mol/L (最适为0.05 mol/L)、pH 范围5.0–9.0 (最适为pH 7.0)。细胞在蒸馏水中会裂解,维持细胞形态的最低NaCl 浓度为10% (质量体积比)。菌株YJ-41^T 的极性脂为磷脂酸(Phosphatidic acid,PA)、磷脂酰甘油(Phosphatidyl glycerol,PG)、磷脂酰甘油磷酸甲基酯(Phosphatidyl glycerol phosphate methyl ester,PGP-Me)、磷脂酰甘油硫酸酯(Phosphatidylglycerol sulphate,PGS)和8 种糖脂;其中3 种糖脂为硫酸甘露糖苷葡萄糖二醚(Sulfated mannosylglucosyl diether,S-DGD-1)、半乳糖苷甘露糖苷葡萄糖二醚(Galactosyl mannosy glucosyl diether,TGD-1)和甘露糖苷葡萄糖二醚(Mannosyl glucosyl diether,DGD-1),其余为未知糖脂。菌株YJ-41^T 的16S rRNA 基因和rpoB'基因与盐薄片菌属(Halolamina)的成员相关基因相似性分别为97.5%–98.4%和93.1%–94.4%。菌株YJ-41^T 的G+C mol%为61.4 mol%。【结论】表型、化学分类和系统发育的特性表明,菌株YJ-41^T (=CGMCC 1.12859^T=JCM 30237^T)代表Halolamina 属的一个新种,建议命名为海滨盐薄片菌(Halolamina litorea)。

Abstract:

[Objective] A halophilic archaeal strain YJ-41^T was isolated from Yangjiang marine solar saltern in the south region of China. In the present work, strain YJ-41^T was characterized in detail to elucidate its taxonomic position. [Methods] The taxonomic status of strain YJ-41^T was studied by using a polyphasic taxonomic method including determining phenotype, chemotype and genotype. [Results] Cells of strain YJ-41^T were rod-shaped, Gram-staining negative and formed red-pigmented colonies on agar plates. Strain YJ-41^T was able to grow between 20 and 50 ℃ (optimum 37 ℃), 2.1 to 4.8 mol/L NaCl (optimum 3.1 mol/L), 0 to 1.0 mol/L MgCl₂ (optimum 0.05 mol/L) and pH 5.0 to 9.0 (optimum 7.0). Cells lysed in distilled water, and the minimal NaCl concentration required to prevent cell-lysis was 10% (W/V). The major polar lipids of the strain were phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, phosphatidylglycerol sulfate and eight glycolipids; three of these glycolipids chromatographically identical to sulfated mannosyl glucosyl diether, galactosyl mannosy glucosyl diether and mannosyl glucosyl diether. The 16S rRNA and rpoB' genes of strain YJ-41^T were phylogenetically related to the corresponding genes of Halolamina members (97.5% to 98.4% and 93.1% to 94.4% similarities, respectively). The DNA G+C content of strain YJ-41^T was 61.4 mol%. [Conclusion] The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic properties suggested that strain YJ-41^T (=CGMCC 1.12859^T=JCM 30237^T) represents a new species of Halolamina, for which the name Halolamina litorea sp. nov. is proposed.